Articles by ICCA Governing Board Members
07/06/2013
This article analyses the arbitral case law dealing with the issue of whether and in what circumstances a non-signatory state may be considered a party to an arbitration agreement entered into by a state company or a state entity.
16/05/2013
This text of the Lalive Lecture 2012, as adapted for publication, examines the common denominators and differences regarding the major aspects of commercial and investment arbitration.
16/05/2013
This discussion focuses on Prof. Dr. Böckstiegel's experiences as an arbitrator over many years.
16/05/2013
This paper explores arbitration as the natural method to solve disputes in the international scenario, particularly followings the 80s with the globalization of the economy.
22/01/2013
This study analyses 200 unpublished judgments rendered by the Egyptian courts with respect to setting-aside motions filed against arbitral awards. (In Arabic)
22/01/2013
Mesdames, gentlemen, it is a privilege for me to be here with you today as part of this prestigious faculty of speakers and, in particular, to share this panel with Professor Alvarez. We have collectively been presented with a very challenging task. The
sovereign debt crisis experienced by Argentina over a decade ago has given rise to serious questions concerning the adequacy of the institutions and norms that govern the resolution of international
investment disputes, to address disputes such as those that have arisen from Argentina’s management of its financial crisis. These questions are all the more urgent in our present global financial
climate. Indeed, the financial woes that most Western States have experienced over the past several years are far from over. I am thinking, in particular, of Greece, Spain, Portugal, Ireland, and
Italy, each one of which may act to stabilize its economy, cause damage to international investors and add to ICSID’s docket. The past is therefore prologue, and the implications of our “stocktaking”
exercise today are potentially more far-reaching than the Argentina cases.
14/01/2013
The topic of my lecture tonight is how individuals make decisions; and most importantly to us, how arbitrators make decisions. I will not speak only about theory, but also about practicalities – how and why we as counsel can do better in putting our cases before arbitrators for decision.
22/01/2013
The article examines the role of public international law as the governing law in treaty-based arbitration
08/01/2013
This article reviews how international arbitrators are at present tackling corruption issues arising within the
context of commercial and investments disputes.
22/01/2013
A commentary on the European Convention of International Commercial Arbitration of 1961
03/02/2012
In this paper, Canadian arbitrator Yves Fortier discusses the 2011 amendments to French arbitration legislation, which has been characterised as "one of the most arbitration-friendly pieces of legislation conceivable".
10/01/2012
This extensive article considers the legal and factual issues raised by corruption both in primary arbitral proceedings and arbitration-related court proceedings.
09/12/2011
This extract from the book "Arbitration in Germany: the Model Law in Practice" provides a complete overview of the legal framework, past and present practice, arbitration infrastructure and characteristic features of arbitration in Germany.
09/12/2011
This paper discusses the issues of state immunity applicable in Hong Kong, and the position of the state-owned enterprise (Quoyou Qiye) of the People's Republic of China.
02/11/2011
Emerging issues in air, space and telecommunications law, as well as perspectives for the future, are examined.
02/11/2011
Professor Bockstiegel looks at the past, present and future of BITs.
24/10/2011
This article, drawn from a presentation made on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the ICC Court, provides a checklist for efficient arbitration.
24/10/2011
This edited version of introductory remarks made at a conference hosted by the German Institute of Arbitration (DIS) and Chartered Institute of Arbitrators (European Branch) in October 2010 asks the question: to what extent is there a divide or a convergence between the approaches to arbitration by Common Law jurisdictions versus Civil Law jurisdictions?
11/02/2011
Commenting on the new arbitration legislation that came into effect in Ireland in June 2010.
02/11/2011
This article analyzes current practice regarding dissenting opinions in investment arbitrations, concluding that "investment arbitration would function better and be more credible if party-appointed arbitrators observe the principle: nemine dissentiente".
11/02/2011
This article examines the reasons for investors' choice for ICSID or non-ICSID investment treaty arbitration and the differences between the two categories.
24/06/2010
This article asks whether the New York Convention should be amended by the United Nations, concluding most emphatically not.
24/06/2010
This article emphasises the importance of maintaining the integrity of the arbitrator, and examines ethical standards for doing so
24/06/2010
Professor Paulsson's inaugural lecture at the Miami School of Law examines "moral hazards" in the legal resolution of international disputes, with reference to certain practices of arbitrators and arbitral institutes.
21/06/2010
The proposition of this article is that an arbitrator's primary duty is the delivery of an accurate award, resting on a reasonably ascertainable picture of reality.
21/06/2010
This article examines some of the issues that arise in applying norms of national and international law, noting the need to pay due regard to the norms of national law as a whole.
21/06/2010
This article examines the Amsterdam Court of Appeal's 28 April 2009 decision granting enforcement of four arbitral awards annulled by Russian courts under the New York Convention; the author concludes that the Court of Appeal's reasoning is at odds with the New York Convention.
15/03/2010
This paper examines the philosophical basis of modern arbitration, concluding that it is a complex, three-dimensional form of pluralism, in which legal orders are not exclusively those of States and may overlap.
22/01/2010
This article examines both the theory and the global practice (in both national legislation and arbitration rules) with regard to confidentiality in arbitration.
22/01/2010
This article surveys arbitration legislation in South East Asian nations, examining court intervention in setting aside proceedings and in the application of Article V of the New York Convention in enforcement proceedings.
22/01/2010
This article examines some of the general features of the current international arbitration system.
22/01/2010
In this article, Professor Lalive examines the competing values of finality and correctness of arbitral awards, referring to concrete commercial cases and to the ICSID system.
17/11/2009
This examination of recent United States case law highlights emerging tensions between treaty obligations and national law in the recognition of arbitral awards.
17/11/2009
This article examines the contours of national respect for the New York Convention by examining recent divergent strands of case law.
17/11/2009
This is a case note examining a recent judgment of the Cairo Court of Appeals in setting aside proceedings.
10/11/2009
This is an overview of the grounds for setting aside in Art. 829 of the Italian Code of Civil Procedure, as interpreted in recent judgments of the Italian Court of Cassation.
10/11/2009
This article provides a succinct overview of the Italian law on arbitration.
06/11/2009
This is a brief note regarding Art. 815 of the Italian Code of Civil Procedure, as interpreted in three recent decisions of the Italian Court of Cassation.
10/11/2009
This article explores three procedural aspects of arbitration practice: the use of professional guidelines, resort to national law to fill gaps and increased awareness of the need for ground rules at the start of proceedings.
06/11/2009
In this article, the author examines two themes in the legal framework of arbitration -- arbitrator discretion and constraint -- through the prism of Sections 34 and 68 of the English Arbitration Act 1996.
06/11/2009
This book chapter explores the guidelines of professional groups and non-governmental organizations related to evidence, conflicts of interest, ethics and the organization of arbitral proceedings -- the "soft law" of international arbitration.
02/11/2009
This article addresses the issue of joining non-signatories to an arbitration, in which case arbitrators often look to theories related to implied consent and lack of corporate personality.
02/11/2009
The excessive length of proceedings before the Italian courts and some theoretical and practical suggestions on solving this chronic problem are the subject matter of this article.
02/11/2009
This review of arbitration topics in New Zealand addresses the Arbitration Amendment Act 2007 and the changes it has made, the newly introduced appropriately restrictive test to be applied when special leave is sought in relation to questions of law arising out of an award and the growing importance for New Zealand of investment treaty arbitration.
20/10/2009
This article is an adaptation of the Patron's Address at the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators conference in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in October 2008, and includes thoughts on past and future aspects of international arbitration practice from the perspective of the arbitrator.
20/10/2009
This article examines the role of arbitration in the implementation of trusts and the effect of arbitration clauses in trust deeds on third party beneficiaries.
20/10/2009
This address introduces some of the divergent approaches to quantum of damages in international investment law, focusing on the legality of expropriation.
04/09/2009
In this article, Professor Sanders shares his personal views on the current stage of the UNCITRAL Rules revision process.
30/06/2009
This lecture examines the role of national law in resolving international disputes, arguing that arbitrators have a duty to apply national law in the broadest sense, including its most fundamental norms.
13/10/2009
This article examines the evolution of business arbitration in the last 50 years by examining three case studies in change: judicial review of commercial awards under national arbitration statutes; the treaty foundations of arbitral power over international investment disputes; and the norms governing the conduct of arbitral proceedings.
28/04/2009
This article was first delivered as a lecture at the ICCA Congress in Montreal in 2006 and takes a fresh look at the doctrine of kompetenz-kompetenz.
13/10/2009
This lecture suggests that the absence of specific procedural protocols in international arbitration practice may damage the legitimacy of the dispute resolution process.
28/04/2009
This review of the 14th edition of "Dicey, Morris and Collins, The Conflict of Laws" (edited bySir Lawrence Collins, Gen. Ed.), concludes that this classic work remains the gold standard in texts on conflicts of laws.
28/04/2009
This article examines the arbitrability of tax measures in the context of bilateral investment treaties, and seeks to distinguish legitimate from illegitimate taxes.
09/04/2009
Thoughts on international investment protection - past, present and future, and the rule of law.
15/04/2009
El orden público como criterio para negar el reconocimiento y la ejecución de laudos arbitrales...
21/04/2009
This article is an ode to Francois Knoepfler, and contains some reflections on courage in international arbitration.
15/04/2009
This article sets out whether the legal background of an arbitrator plays a role in his or her inclination to intervene to encourage settlement. It notes that the practice of courts in different jurisdictions varies significantly in this respect.
15/04/2009
In exploration of the question whether a doctrine of precedent exists in arbitration, this lecture compares the practice of arbitrators in commercial, sport and investment arbitration and the reasons behind following precedents. In distinguishing...
15/04/2009
This paper explores the existence of and need for consistent and logically coherent case law in investment arbitration. It observes that consistent case law exists on certain issues (e.g. certain aspects of the fair and equitable treatment standard and...
15/04/2009
The article looks at the overall predominance of mediation in China in light of its specific historical, cultural and political background and how it impacts the contemporary practice of integrating mediation into arbitration. It reviews the practice...
15/04/2009
Using the FAA as the basis, this article explores the implications of globalization on arbitration and the resulting shift of power away from states to private actors in regulating it. Traditionally, legislation has provided arbitration with legitimacy...
10/04/2009
Personal reflections on his career and the future of international arbitration practice.
21/04/2009
Analyzing recent practice on transferring the seat of arbitration and advocating the entitlement of a tribunal to transfer the seat where it becomes unduly difficult to continue an arbitration at the agreed place.
21/04/2009
Selected examples of preliminary State objections to arbitral jurisdiction in the context of investor-State arbitration.
15/04/2009
Examining the meaning and role of public policy in the context of the New York Convention and otherwise.
15/04/2009
Thoughts on the future development of arbitration.
15/04/2009
Examining a number of specific procedural and substantive considerations raised by the participation of private enterprises as claimants against states in international arbitrations.
21/04/2009
Examining the impact on arbitration of new challenges to the world community, such as globalization and other post-WWII social and political changes.
21/04/2009
Is the Rule of Law a "Misrule of Law"? Analysis of the Rule of Law. Possible solutions for judicial corruption.
15/04/2009
May the arbitral process, in the context of international commerce, be detached from the legal system of the country where the proceedings take place?
21/04/2009
A new territory for international arbitration: investment arbitration before ICSID, a further look at NAFTA and the Energy Charter Treaty as focal points for other such treaties, and also national laws and bilateral investment treaties (BITs).
23/04/2009
Analysis of the hypothetical case Maha Nuñez-Schultz v. Republic of the Americas and the hypothetical decision rendered by “the Supreme Court of the Americas” in the year 2254.
21/04/2009
The importance of the distinction between the two concepts, the risk of confusing these two and the consequences thereof. Also available in ICC DRL, see http://www.iccdrl.com
23/04/2009
Case Management by Arbitrators - Reflections. Also available in ICC DRL, see http://www.iccdrl.com
23/04/2009
Analysis of resistance that arbitrators in Asia are likely to encounter, disclaiming any intention to declare this anything more than a subjective, unscientific and generalized overview. Also available in ICC DRL, see http://www.iccdrl.com
15/04/2009
The immunity of arbitrators versus their ethical duties to the parties.
23/04/2009
Legal rules governing the process of discovery in court proceedings, orders for document production in international arbitrations by arbitral tribunals in Singapore and the relationship between the two. Also available in ICC DRL, see http://www.iccdrl.co
15/04/2009
The recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards in comparison to foreign court judgments within the legal framework of Treaties and Conventions followed by an analysis of practices in Asian countries and the existing problems.
15/04/2009
Witness conferencing: the different approaches that can be adopted by a tribunal.
21/04/2009
The existence, nature and scope of the arbitrator’s discretionary powers in connection with the parties’ rights of due process and the potential conflict between fairness and efficiency.
21/04/2009
The principle of confidentiality in arbitrations: inclusion of confidentiality provisions in rules of procedure and/or contractual clauses.
23/04/2009
The issue of arbitrability: how State courts draw the line between arbitrable and non-arbitrable disputes on the basis of two distinct policy objectives. Also available in ICC DRL, see http://www.iccdrl.com
21/04/2009
Arbitration for disputes in the investor-state context: the tension between privacy and confidentiality on the one hand and the public interest in the transparency of such disputes on the other hand.
21/04/2009
Interim measures in investor-state arbitration: the binding nature of an interim measure and the influence of the sovereign character of a State party to an arbitration.
15/04/2009
The article was published in the ICCA Congress series, Montreal, 2006 and deals with expert conferencing and new methods for eliciting expert testimony.
23/04/2009
This article is about the art of persuasion and examines the process in which advocates consciously or unconsciously seek to establish rapport with the person he or she is trying to persuade, with particular focus on advocacy in international arbitration.
23/04/2009
The authors examine the correctness of awards based on the ICSID Convention's control mechanism.
23/04/2009
In this paper the authors analyze the difficulties of achieving an adequate definition of the term “investment” for the purposes of bilateral investment treaties and multilateral treaties. Also available in ICC DRL, see http://www.iccdrl.com
21/04/2009
In this paper the author analyzes the challenges of the 21st century in the field of International Commercial Dispute Resolution.
23/04/2009
In this paper, the authors analyze the impact of the concept of transnational public policy and its application by arbitrators in the field of investment treaty dispute.
01/07/2009
Los Estados tienden a molestarse cuando un extranjero alega que han violado obligaciones legales. Los Estados se irritan aún más cuando deben defenderse ante una corte o un tribunal internacional. ¿Es esto una violación de su soberanía? ...
15/04/2009
Global Reflections on International Law, Commerce and Dispute Resolution – Liber Amicorum Robert Briner, ICC (2005) p. 89
23/04/2009
The quality of the arbitral process is a reflection of the independence and the impartiality of the arbitrator.
21/04/2009
Law of International Business-Liber Amicorum Karl-Heinz Böckstiegel, Carl Heymanns Verlag KG, 2001
21/04/2009
The Journal of World Investment, Vol. 2 No. 2 - Geneva June 2001
21/04/2009
ICSID Review (Foreign Investment Law Journal) – Vol. 13, Number 2, Fall 1998
15/04/2009
The well deserved series of colloquiums and studies organized to honor Doctor Ibrahim Shihata with occasion of his retirement as Vice President and Legal Counsel of the World Bank, have provided an important opportunity to examine the trends that...
15/04/2009
In the lectures in honor of Sir Hersch Lauterpacht recently delivered by this author at the Research Centre for International Law of Cambridge University, it was concluded that dispute settlement in the new century will be characterized by three...
21/04/2009
Whoever drafted the text of the first bilateral investment treaty could not have imagined how popular his or her work would become. It has been copied by the thousands and found its way into over 2000 treaties today in force, in addition to it being...
21/04/2009
Parallel and competing proceedings between international courts and tribunals, just as between international and domestic tribunals, is not a new phenomenon but certainly one that is gaining in recurrence. This is turn is the inevitable consequence of...
15/04/2009
Two principal concepts have come to dominate the legal approach to the review of administrative acts by the judiciary. A long-standing tradition has established the discretionary nature of acts of the administration, what generally meant that such acts...
15/04/2009
It is common knowledge that international judges and arbitrators often have great pain in finding who is right and who is wrong in a given case. One can be persuaded at first by the views of one party only to find later that the arguments of the other...
15/04/2009
Investment arbitration has become one of the central features of contemporary legal practice for counsel, government officials and arbitrators. It has also meant the development of specialized institutions...
15/04/2009
Recently I was involved in an ICC case where an interesting question arose concerning party autonomy and the freedom of the parties to designate time limits. The arbitration in question had been proceeding for some time. After drawing up the Terms ...
21/04/2009
The aim of damages is to compensate a claimant for the loss it has suffered at the hand of the respondent. In expropriation cases, the claimant must be provided with the pecuniary value of the asset(s) taken...
15/04/2009
Within the last decade confidentiality has become an important topic in arbitration. Many articles have been written and analyses undertaken. Common assumptions have been questioned and it is apparent the subject is more complex, obscure and less...
15/04/2009
When a dispute arises between parties there may be a multitude of claims which are made. International commercial relations are becoming ever more complex. Often there are long term relationships involved, perhaps with framework and ancillary contracts. M
21/04/2009
The lex mercatoria conjures up romantic notions of ancient law and practices adopted by merchants in medieval times...
21/04/2009
The ICSID Regulations and Rules were first adopted some 40 years ago. Numerous amendments have since been made to them. This paper explains all of the amendments and their background, showing how, within the constraints of its Convention, ICSID has sought
21/04/2009
The fact that the mechanism of anti-suit injunctions—in this instance, antiarbitration injunctions—originates from common law systems in no way means that the disruption of the arbitral process is specific to those systems. Courts in civil law...
15/04/2009
AFTER SOME 35 years of legal debate aid countless applications of transnational rules by international arbitrators since far before the debate over the concept even began...remain such a divisive issue
in the world of international arbitration
21/04/2009
Second Sentence, of the Washington Convention: The Role of International Law in the ICSID Choice of Law Process
21/04/2009
Investments and Investors Covered by the C. Which "Investments" are Protected Under the Treaty?. Which "Investors" are Protected Under the Treaty?
21/04/2009
Leading Cases from the ICSID, NAFTA, Bilatera Treaties and Customary International Law
15/04/2009
This paper discusses the regime for the enforcement of arbitral awards rendered pursuant to the ICSID Convention. The paper also reviews the generally positive record of compliance with ICSID arbitral awards.
15/04/2009
This article is adapted from a presentation made by Jan Paulsson for the John E.C. Brierley Memorial Lecture at McGill University in Montreal, Canada on 28 May 2008.
15/04/2009
An explanatory note regarding the proposed changes to the New York Convention 1958 as presented by Prof. Dr. Albert Jan van den Berg during the Plenary Session of the ICCA Conference, Dublin, 2008.
15/04/2009
A comparison of the New York Convention 1958 with the proposed revision as proposed by Prof. Dr. Albert Jan van den Berg at the Plenary Session of the ICCA Conference in Dublin, June 2008.
15/04/2009
Dubbed the "Dublin Convention 2008" by Teresa Cheng S.C., Prof. Dr. Albert Jan van den Berg's polemic "new" New York Convention 1958, as presented at the Plenary Session of the ICCA Conference in Dublin in June 2008.
15/04/2009
This Overview is based on the most recent Commentary (published in Yearbook Vol. XXVIII (2003)) and the more than 1,300 court decisions reported and referenced in the Yearbook.
15/04/2009
A review of refusals of enforcement under the New York Convention up to 2007.
"also available in ICC DRL, see http://www.iccdrl.com"
21/04/2009
Applicable Law in Investor-State Arbitration